A Novel Forest EcoSpatial Network for Carbon Stocking Using Complex Network Theory in the Yellow River Basin

The Yellow River Basin serves as a crucial ecological barrier in China, emphasizing the importance of accurately examining spatial distribution forest carbon stocks and enhancing sequestration order to attain “carbon peaking neutrality”. Forest patches have complex interactions that impact ecosystem services. To our knowledge, very few studies explored connection between these stock. This study addressed this gap by utilizing network theory establish ecospatial (ForEcoNet) which are represented nodes (sources) their edges (corridors). Our objective was optimize ForEcoNet’s structure enhance stocks. First, we employed downscaling technology allocate 69 cities area grid cells, generating map density Basin. Next, conducted morphological pattern analysis (MSPA) used minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR) extract ForEcoNet basin. Finally, proposed optimization based on coupling coordination node stock topological structure. results showed that: (1) upper, middle, lower reaches accounted for 42.35%, 54.28%, 3.37% total, respectively, (2) exhibited characteristics both random scale-free demonstrated poor stability, (3) through introduction 51 sources 46 corridors, optimized significantly improved its robustness. These findings provide scientific recommendations allocation achieving goal increasing